Objective: Among the common cancers, breast cancer is one of the important health issues that many people are involved with. Therefore, regular mammograms are a method for early diagnosis of the disease. Given the low rate of mammography in Iran, the aim of this study was to investigate the Role of breast cancer worry and mammography self efficacy in intention and mammography screening behavior. Method: participants in this study were all women with aged 40-60 years in 1 and 2 area in Arak. The study sample consisted of 305 women, aged 40-60. Participation answered Breast Cancer Worry Scale (BCWS, champion, 2005), Mammography Self-Efficacy Scale (MSS, Lerman, 1991) and planned behavior theory questioner (PBTQ, Sargezi and etal, 1393) (parts of intention an act). Data were analyzed using SPSS23 software. Findings: A significant was observed between breast cancer worry and mammography screening. According to data analysis, relationship between high and moderate level of breast cancer worry and mammograms intention was significant, and high concern was associated with mammography screening behavior (p≤ 0/01). The findings also showed that the relationship between high level of self-efficacy and intention and behavior of mammography screening is positive and meaningful (p≤ 0/01). Conclusion: High levels of breast cancer worry can be a motivating factor for mammography screening. Also, higher mammography self-efficacy predicts a higher rate of mammography screening intent and action.

Background: Breast cancer disease is an important public health trouble in the world. Over the past 2 decades, incidences of breast cancer among Iranian women have shown an alarmingly rapid increase. Mammography screening can lead to early detection and management of breast cancer and it also plays an important preventive role in decreasing breast cancer, especially among women over 40 years old. Objectives: This paper aims at reporting the psychometric properties of a questionnaire on mammography behavior based on health action process approach (HAPA) model. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed between May and September 2017, and was attended by 400 women aged 40 yearsandolder, in comprehensive health service centers in Iran. The research subjects were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. The instrument was designed basis on the constructs of HAPA and current literature. The scale’, s psychometric properties were examined by exploratory factor analysis (EFA), infraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and Cronbach’, s alpha. Results: The results showed 45 items of the questionnaire, 41 items had important item-to-total correlations (P < 0. 05), and they were placed in 8 factors that contributed 60. 88% of the scale variance. Conclusions: The research findings contribute to the reliability and validity of the HAPA model for predictively evaluating mammography goals.

Background: The prevalence of breast cancer (BC) has notably increased in Iran, making it the most frequently diagnosed cancer among women and the primary cause of new cases. Moreover, studies have indicated a low level of awareness among Iranian women regarding BC screening. Recognizing the impact of knowledge on behavioral intention, researchers proposed incorporating a knowledge-based structure into the theory of planned behavior (TPB) model. This conceptual model was subsequently tested to assess its effectiveness and predict mammography screening behavior. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 320 women employed at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in Iran. The applied instruments were the TPB scale and knowledge questionnaire. In this investigation, SPSS 22.0 and Amos 22.0 were employed for all analyses. A structural equation model (SEM) was also used to evaluate the relations between variables. Results: Individuals’ behavioral intention was significantly associated with higher levels of knowledge (β=0.29), perceived behavioral control (β=0.36), and subjective norms (β=0.32). The model demonstrated that perceived behavioral control was the strongest predictor of intention for mammography screening. Additionally, behavioral intention had a significant effect on mammography screening behavior (β=0.56). Furthermore, knowledge could directly influence behavioral intention, attitude, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norms. Conclusion: Our findings revealed that interventions aimed at increasing women’s sense of control over BC screening circumstances could have a significant impact on screening intention and behavior. By targeting these factors, healthcare providers and public health professionals can create specific interventions to enhance mammography screening rates among women.

Background and Objective: Given the high incidence of breast cancer in Iranian women and their lack of interest in performing screening mammography, determining the most important predicting structures of mammography behavior can provide the possibility of promoting interventions for this behavior. The purpose of this study was to determine the effective structures of the theory of planned behavior on screening mammography in housewives over 40 years.Materials and Methods: The participants in this cross-sectional study included 294 women over 40 years in the city of Arak. They completed the theory of planned behavior questionnaire in relation to screening mammography. Then, using linear and logistic regression, the predictor variables of behavior and intention of the mammography were identified.Results: The mean age of participants was 47.33 years (with a mean of 4.95 and range of 40-58 years). In the provided model to predict performing of screening mammography, the behavior intention structure (OR=5.17, p<0.001) was the most important predictor. Regarding the productivity of mammography intention, the three structures of subjective norms (R2=0.21, p<0.001), perceived behavioral control (R2=0.16, p<0.001) and knowledge (R2=0.13, p<0.001) was the predictors of this intention.Conclusion: Based on our results, the structures of intention, perceived behavioral control and subjective norms of the theory of planned behavior are the predictors of mammography behavior. Thus, the theory-based and promoting mammography behavior interventions in the housewives can be designed based on this model.